James W. Gerard (1867-1951), attorney and diplomat, was an outspoken critic of Nazi Germany's persecution of the Jews. Gerard, who served as U.S. ambassador to Germany from 1913 to 1917, spoke at a number of anti-Hitler rallies in the 1930s. He was a speaker at the May 1933 founding conference of the American...
Read more →
Guy M. Gillette (1879-1973), a three-term U.S. Senator from Iowa, was one of the most vigorous advocates in Congress for the rescue of Jewish refugees. Gillette, a Democrat, was an active supporter of the Bergson Group's Emergency Committee to Save the Jewish People of Europe, made numerous speeches...
Read more →
German Jewish refugee artist Eric Godal (1899-1969) drew political cartoons for various American publications in the 1930s and 1940s, often focusing on the plight of Jews under the Nazis. Born Erich Goldman in Berlin, Godal found himself on the Gestapo's list of "dangerous" citizens as soon as the Nazis...
Read more →
Nahum Goldmann (1895-1992), a senior official of several Jewish organizations, was at the center of Jewish political activity during the Holocaust years, including efforts in 1944 to persuade the Allies to bomb Auschwitz. Born in Russia and raised in Germany, Goldmann co-founded the World Jewish...
Read more →
Dr. Israel Goldstein (1896-1986), a Conservative rabbi, served as president of the Synagogue Council of America, and co-chairman of the American Jewish Conference, during the Holocaust years. Although Goldstein was close to Rabbi Stephen S. Wise, he sometimes took a more forthright stance than Wise...
Read more →
After completing traditional yeshiva studies and earning a law degree in Vilna, Noah Golinkin (1914-2003) emigrated from his native Poland to the United States in 1938. He earned a master’s degree in American history at Clark University before enrolling as a rabbinical student at the Jewish Theological...
Read more →
New York Post columnist Samuel Grafton (1907-1997) was a strong proponent of U.S. government action to rescue Jews from the Holocaust. In the spring of 1944, Grafton authored a series of columns advocating what he called "free ports" for Jewish refugees. "A 'free port' is a small bit of land, a kind...
Read more →
Dr. Frank Porter Graham (1886-1972) was a professor of history who served as president of the University of North Carolina from 1930 until 1949. During the 1930s, he became active in the Emergency Committee in Aid of Displaced German Scholars. The committee arranged American college faculty positions...
Read more →
Labor Zionist activist Hayim Greenberg (1889-1953) was among the most severe critics of the American Jewish community's response to news of the Holocaust. Greenberg grew up in Russia but emigrated after being arrested by the Soviet authorities for his Zionist activity. He arrived in the United States...
Read more →
Louis D. Gross (1885-1964) was a congregational rabbi and newspaper publisher who riled mainstream Jewish leaders with his spirited calls for U.S. action to aid refugees. Rabbi Gross was spiritual leader of the Union Temple, a Reform synagogue in Brooklyn. He founded the Brooklyn Jewish Examiner,...
Read more →